Modelling reservoir sedimentation and estimating historical deposition rates using a data-based mechanistic (DBM) approach
نویسندگان
چکیده
The data-based mechanistic (DBM) modelling methodology is applied to the study of reservoir sedimentation. A lumped-parameter, discrete-time model has been developed which directly relates rainfall to suspended sediment load (SSL) at the reservoir outflow from the two years of measured data at Wyresdale Park Reservoir (Lancashire, UK). This nonlinear DBM model comprises two components: a rainfall to SSL model and a second model, relating the SSL at the reservoir inflow to the SSL at the reservoir spillway. Using a daily measured rainfall series as the input, this model is used to reconstruct daily deposition rates between 1911 and 1996. This synthetic sediment accretion sequence is compared with the variations in sand content within sediment cores collected from the reservoir floor. These profiles show good general agreement, reflecting the importance of low reoccurrence, high magnitude events. This preliminary study highlights the potential of this DBM approach, which could be readily applied to other sites. Modélisation mécaniste de la sédimentation dans un réservoir et détermination de l'historique de la déposition utilisant une base de données Résumé Nous appliquons une approche mécanistique utilisant une base de données (DBM) pour modéliser la sédimentation dans un réservoir. Nous avons développé un modèle à pas de temps constant et à paramètres globaux qui établit un lien direct entre les pluies et les charges de matières en suspension à l'exutoire du réservoir de Wyresdale Park (Lancashire, Royaume Uni). Deux années de données mesurées étaient disponibles pour le calage des paramètres. Cette modélisation DBM nonlinéaire possède deux composantes: une pour la modélisation pluie-matières en suspension à l'entrée du réservoir et une deuxième pour la modélisation des transferts de matières en suspension à l'exutoire du réservoir. Utilisant une série de pluies journalières, le modèle simule la déposition quotidienne des sédiments sur la période 1911-1996. Une comparaison entre cette séquence de déposition simulée et la variation du contenu en sable mesurée dans quelques carottes prélevées au fond du réservoir révèle une bonne concordance et souligne l'importance des événements rares de forte intensité pour la déposition de sédiments dans le réservoir. La méthodologie pourrait facilement s'appliquer facilement à d'autres sites.
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